ラモス＝ホルタ（José Manuel Ramos-Horta）氏は、東ティモールの首都ディリ出身。東ティモールの独立運動に関わり、民族抵抗評議会共同代表。1996年にはノーベル平和賞を受賞。東ティモール民主共和国の大統領、首相と外務大臣を歴任した。

　As a founder and former member of Fretilin, Ramos-Horta served as the exiled spokesman for the East Timorese resistance during the years of the Indonesian occupation of East Timor (1975–1999). While he continued to work with Fretilin, Ramos-Horta resigned from the party in 1988, becoming an independent politician.

　After Timor-Leste achieved independence in 2002, Ramos-Horta was appointed as the country’s first foreign minister. He served in this position until his resignation on 25 June 2006, amidst political turmoil. On 26 June, following the resignation of Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri, Ramos-Horta was appointed as acting Prime Minister by President Xanana Gusmão. Two weeks later, on 10 July 2006, he was sworn in as the second Prime Minister of Timor-Leste. He was elected as President in 2007. On 11 February 2008, Ramos-Horta was shot during an assassination attempt.

　After leaving office as President in 2012, Ramos-Horta was appointed as the United Nations’ Special Representative and Head of the United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office in Guinea-Bissau (UNIOGBIS) on 2 January 2013. In October 2014 he was appointed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations as Chair of the High-level Independent Panel on Peacekeeping Operations (HIPPO) from 2014 to 2015.

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